Person-centered planning (PCP) aims to develop a comprehensive plan that specifically addresses the distinct preferences, choices, and requirements of the individual. Unlike the traditional individual support plan (ISP), which follows a standardized approach, PCP employs a person-centered approach.
The planning process extends beyond mere customization of supports and identification of necessities. It revolves around identifying what holds genuine significance for the individual and ensuring that these aspects are prominently featured in the plan. It is crucial to be deliberate and purposeful throughout each phase of the person-centered planning process.
There are five fundamental person-centered principles that are essential to the planning process:
These person-centered principles serve as foundational guidelines for creating plans that genuinely reflect the preferences, capabilities, and social connections of each individual.
Before initiating person-centered planning services for your clients, there are some processes your organization needs to have in place. Let’s review how to build an environment in which person-centered planning can work.
Community plays a pivotal role in person-centered planning, especially as individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) often face isolation from their communities. Throughout the planning process, it’s crucial to assess how the individual currently interacts with their community and their desired level of engagement. Promoting community inclusion for those receiving support is central to this process.
Similar to other facets of person-centered planning, it’s essential to delve into each person’s unique circumstances. The concept of inclusion and the strategies to achieve it vary widely. Some individuals may require assistance in establishing new connections and avenues for social interaction, while others may need support in nurturing existing relationships.
Your PCP should facilitate the individual’s active participation in community life in ways that are personally significant. Ideally, it should enable access to community services and opportunities equivalent to those available to individuals without disabilities. This approach aims to empower individuals to engage fully in their communities and lead fulfilling lives.
Traditional treatment planning often overlooks an individual’s cultural beliefs and values, yet these elements are crucial for creating a person-centered plan. Cultural values significantly influence how individuals and their families perceive disability, community dynamics, and support services.
It’s essential to honor, respect, and celebrate each person’s unique cultural perspective. Awareness of one’s own cultural biases and perspectives is important; avoid imposing personal values onto the individual you support. Consider pursuing additional training in cultural competence, particularly regarding specific cultural practices, values, or other needs relevant to the person you are assisting in their person-centered planning journey. This approach ensures that the plan respects and integrates the cultural identity of the individual, fostering a more inclusive and effective support framework.
Person-centered planning relies on collaborative teamwork. A cohesive team is essential to ensure that planning meetings are productive and that all available supports are effectively utilized. The team should work well together while maintaining a clear focus on the individual.
Central to the team is the person receiving services, who holds the most significant role. Other team members typically include a mix of the individual’s family, friends, and paid professionals. It is crucial to invite individuals who:
Most teams also include professionals or legally responsible parties, such as case managers or guardians. However, whenever feasible, the individual receiving services should have the autonomy to decide who participates in their meetings. This approach ensures that the person-centered plan reflects their preferences and priorities, fostering a supportive environment tailored to their unique circumstances.